Charles Lang Freer Fellow
Suyog Prajapati
“Monasticism and Urbanism in the Kathmandu Valley (ca. 15th–18th centuries CE)”
The year-long Charles Lang Freer Fellowship enabled me to work on my dissertation project, which traces the role of Buddhist monastic architecture in the development of urban settlements in Nepal’s Kathmandu Valley. Utilizing resources at the National Museum of Asian Art, the fellowship advanced my doctoral work by facilitating independent research and close mentorship.
My fellowship duration had three main outcomes. Firstly, I completed a dissertation chapter, in which I posit that the materiality of architectural forms—set against natural and built topography—distinctly shaped Kathmandu Valley’s premodern monastic spaces and institutions. By examining the role of durable objects, sacred spaces, and monuments, I was able to reconstruct the historical context in which a royally sanctioned monastery was formed in the densely settled city of Bhaktapur.
Secondly, storage and gallery visits with my mentors, Drs. Debra Diamond and Emma N. Stein, allowed me to look closely at sculptures, paintings, and illuminated manuscripts from across the Nepali Himalayas and Tibetan regions. Of note were the life-sized wooden figure of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara and large cloth paintings of Tibetan masters. Comparisons between artistic styles, artisanal technologies, and material makeup of such objects helped develop arguments about transregional circulations for other chapters of my dissertation and a standalone conference paper.
Thirdly, I had the distinct opportunity to work with the Mary Slusser Collection. Slusser’s immense archival material, including scholarly correspondence and rare archaeological photographs, were invaluable for understanding changes in Nepal’s historic urban fabric in the last seventy years. These primary sources have significantly augmented my firsthand fieldwork-based data.
Smithsonian Institution Fellow
Tina Zhang
“Narrative-landscape Painting in 14th–16th century China”
My research examines a group of large-scale landscape paintings with prominent human figures created during the early and middle Ming periods. These paintings look like large landscapes when viewed from afar but reveal narrative elements upon closer inspection. They stand at the crossroads of two traditionally defined genres—landscape and figure painting—and invite multiple modes of interpretation.
During my fellowship, I focused on paintings depicting recruitment stories, which grew increasingly popular during the Ming dynasty. These works recount stories of rulers seeking out and inviting virtuous and talented individuals to accept official appointments. Previous scholarship generally emphasized the paintings’ political implications, interpreting them as promoting positive imperial publicity for the Ming court. However, paintings of recruitment stories from the Ming dynasty convey a more complicated set of meanings than prevailing interpretations suggest. One significant aspect is that these works creatively weave storytelling into a landscape composition, presenting an innovative mode of narrative representation distinct from those of earlier periods. Meanwhile, certain works within this group suggest a shifting reading of recruitment stories away from the celebration of imperial rulership.
The fellowship allowed me to closely examine three paintings of recruitment stories in storage, along with other Ming paintings of the time, and to study relevant archival sources. It also supported several research trips to examine related works in other art museums on the East Coast. This research will be integrated into one chapter of my dissertation.
Han Chen
“Tangled Transactions: Transnational Dealership and Global Knowledge of Chinese Art, 1900–50”
During my Smithsonian Institution Fellowship at the National Museum of Asian Art, I conducted archival and objects-based research on how market-based agents, including dealers, collectors, and institutions, collaborated across national and cultural boundaries to redefine Chinese art in the first half of the twentieth century. Over the course of six months, I examined dealer correspondence, exhibition records, museum acquisition files, and curatorial notes, with particular attention to materials related to American collector Charles Lang Freer, German-Chinese dealer A. W. Bahr, Shanghai-based dealer Li Wenqing, and Chinese diplomat Huang Zhonghui. Meanwhile, I closely studied specific burial earthenware and archaic jades that once passed through their hands and are now held in NMAA’s collections.
By integrating archival research with digital tools of social network analysis to reconstruct the transnational collecting circuits, my research demonstrates that these market actors played a crucial yet hitherto unrecognize role in reframing tomb provenance from a marker of ethical transgression into a desirable sign of authenticity, which contributed to the formation of “Chinese funerary art” as a field of connoisseurship.
The fellowship allowed me to frame my project as a sustained study of how Chinese art was redefined through the early twentieth-century global art market, offering new interpretations that position the art market as a critical site of epistemic transformation and market-based agents as central actors in the knowledge production of art-historical discourses. Access to critical collections and archives and close engagement with curators and scholars at NMAA significantly advanced my research and supported my ongoing work on the global circulation of Chinese art.
Smithsonian Institution Senior Fellow
Dr. Syed Ali Akbar Husain
“Feasting and Wellness: Food in Indo-Muslim Literary and Lived Cultures (17th–19th Centuries)”
Food as a sensory pleasure and as a means of health and well-being are the principal overlapping domains of my investigation into the subject of “Feasting and Wellness.” This research is centered on the Perso-Islamic culture of the Indian subcontinent from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries. The aspect of “food as sensory pleasure” was researched in visual and textual material during a yearlong fellowship at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The aspect of “food for wellness” was envisaged, therefore, as the thrust of my research at the National Museum of Asian Art.
Toward this end, research was initiated at the Library of Congress’s Naqvi Collection jointly held by the Asian Division for Urdu-language items (which are part of the South Asian Rare Book Collection) and the African and Middle Eastern Division for items in Arabic and Persian. The original Naqvi Collection handlist that was compiled by the collection owners included a range of items within my area of interest on Tibb-Mujarrabāt (traditional medicine and traditional prescriptions).
Unfortunately, for reasons beyond my control, these could not be examined. Nor was I able to utilize the resources of the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. As such, my research remained somewhat inconclusive, although I am happy about my meeting with my mentor, Dr. Richard Kurin. Dr. Kurin’s research on methods of agricultural practice in a small village in Punjab province, Pakistan, reveals that the conceptual framework of traditional Indo-Muslim medicine continues to hold importance in the present day in promoting crop health as much as it contributes toward human health.
J.S. Lee Memorial Fellow
Dr. Xueyan Zhou
“A Study of a Longquan Celadon Collection from an Archaeological Perspective”
Supported by the Bei Shan Tang Foundation, I conducted research at the National Museum of Asian Art (NMAA) on Longquan celadon, one of China’s most renowned ceramic traditions, which has been integral to the interregional trade between Asia and North Africa since the eleventh century. My project focused on the nature of “black-bodied” Longquan celadon, a technically refined class produced primarily during the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279). Stylistically akin to Guan ware yet distinct from mainstream Longquan production, its identity has long been debated. Through a close study of archaeological materials and objects from NMAA’s collections, including a critical group of black-bodied shards collected in the 1930s at Longquan and donated by C. F. Yau, I developed a typological chronology. This analysis supports the argument that the early objects within this black-bodied category constituted imperial wares destined for courtly use rather than commercial imitations. To contextualize Longquan’s wide-reaching impact further, I examined shards from Fustat, Angkor, and Bagan to understand more fully the trade network and cross-cultural reception of this ware. A related study on Longquan’s overseas circulation and kiln industry exchange is currently in preparation. Additionally, I was able to see nearly one hundred Chinese celadons, with emphasis on Longquan ware in seven other US museum collections. This survey provides essential primary material for future studies.