Grapes and Poem by Li Qi in seal script

Object Details

• Artist

  Qi Baishi 齊白石 (1864-1957)

• Label

  Governing with your mind at ease, others are naturally easy,

  The flying birds one sees at dawn, at dusk come flying back.

  I send this missive to the prescient magistrate upon the river,

  I am awed by your Mount Guye that looms above the city wall.

  Renowned as one of the most influential and widely emulated painters of the twentieth century, Qi Baishi was born on January 1, 1864 to a peasant family in Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He started learning carpentry from his uncle in 1877 and then proceeded to wood carving, and in 1889 his formal study of literature and painting commenced. He also became deeply enamored of seal carving, which he practiced assiduously over the years. Qi Baishi moved to Beijing in 1919, where he taught, wrote, and published until the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japan in 1937, when he refused to see official visitors or sell his art for the duration of the war. After the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, Qi Baishi was one of the most highly honored artists in China, widely exhibiting and publishing his works until his death.

  As a calligrapher, Qi Baishi is admired for his works in running script and seal script, as seen on this album leaf. Particularly influenced by his study of early seals and stone inscriptions from the Qin dynasty (221-206 B.C.), Qi appropriated their strong squarish structures, with various elements of their internal composition slightly askew, and carefully attended to both the use of ink, subtlely modulating its wetness and heaviness, and the alternating thickness and thinness of his brushstrokes. As in this album leaf, he often combined a postscript written in quick, fluid running script with the main text of larger characters written in seal script, thereby creating a dynamic visual tension between the two forms and techniques. The main text is a quatrain by the Tang dynasty poet Li Qi (active early-to-mid 8th century), who composed it for a friend serving as the magistrate of a county near Mount Guye in Shanxi Province.

• Provenance

  To 1997

  Robert Hatfield Ellsworth (born 1929), New York City, to 1997

  From 1997

  Freer Gallery of Art, given by Robert Hatfield Ellsworth in 1997 [1]

  Notes:

  [1] The total gift from the Ellsworth collection consists of nearly three-hundred objects (F1997.42-.85 and F1998.83-294).

  All Chinese calligraphy in the proposed gift were published in Mr. Ellsworth's Later Chinese Painting and Calligraphy: 1800-1950 vol. 3 (New York: Random House, 1986) (see Curatorial Note 4, Joseph Chang and Stephen D. Allee, May 19, 1998, in the object record).

• Collection

  Freer Gallery of Art Collection

• Exhibition History

  Brushing the Past: Later Chinese Calligraphy from the Gift of Robert Hatfield Ellsworth (April 30, 2000 to January 2, 2001)

  Beyond the Legacy--Anniversary Acquisitions of the Freer Gallery of Art (October 11, 1998 to April 11, 1999)

• Previous custodian or owner

  Robert Hatfield Ellsworth (1929-2014)

• Origin

  China

• Credit Line

  Gift of Robert Hatfield Ellsworth in honor of the 75th Anniversary of the Freer Gallery of Art

• Type

  Calligraphy

• Restrictions and Rights

  Usage Conditions Apply

  There are restrictions for re-using this media. For more information, visit the Smithsonian's Terms of Use page.

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Keep Exploring

• Related Resources

  collections.si.edu

• Date

  1940s

• Name

  Ellsworth, Robert Hatfield

• Place

  China

• Topic

  Art, Chinese Art, Grape, Robert Hatfield Ellsworth collection, Seal script, Poetry, Modern period (1912 - present)

• Culture

  Chinese

• Object Type

  Calligraphy (visual works)