Bamboo in Snow 雪竹圖

Object Details

• Artist

  Attributed to Tan Zhirui 檀芝瑞 (late 13th-early 14th century)

• Calligrapher

  Inscription by Yishan Yining (1247-1317)

• Label

  This small painting--originally mounted as a hanging scroll--is the only snow scene among the few surviving works attributed to Tan Zhirui. At upper right, it bears a tattered inscription by the eminent Chan (Zen) monk Yishan Yining (1247-1317), who was sent to Japan in 1299 as a personal envoy of the Yuan dynasty emperor of China. In Japan, Yishan was elevated to the position of abbot at a succession of prominent Zen monasteries, first in Kamakura, the seat of government, and then in Kyoto, the imperial capital, where he died some eighteen years later. Having brought a sizable collection of texts and paintings from China, Yishan may have kept this snow scene among his personal effects, for he inscribed it with the following poem:

  Freezing snow, thinly scattered,

  Myriad jades, standing thickly:

  Throughout the spell of winter,

  The dense grove brightly shines.

  (Translation by Stephen D. Allee)

  Like many Chan poems, this deceptively simple description of snowy bamboo contains several layers of meaning. For example, the term "myriad jades" in line two also refers to a congregation or community of wise and worthy gentlemen (such as monks), while the "dense grove" in line four is a common term for a Buddhist monastery.

  To learn more about this and similar objects, visit http://www.asia.si.edu/SongYuan/default.asp Song and Yuan Dynasty Painting and Calligraphy.

• Collection

  Freer Gallery of Art Collection

• Exhibition History

  Mind Over Matter: Zen in Medieval Japan (March 5, 2022 - July 24, 2022)

  Three Friends of Winter: Pine, Bamboo, and Plum in Chinese Painting (August 12, 2001 to February 3, 2002)

  Chinese Album Leaves (December 17, 1962 to April 8, 1963)

• Origin

  China

• Credit Line

  Purchase — Charles Lang Freer Endowment

• Type

  Painting

• Restrictions and Rights

  Usage Conditions Apply

  There are restrictions for re-using this media. For more information, visit the Smithsonian's Terms of Use page.

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Keep Exploring

• Related Resources

  collections.si.edu

• Date

  1200s, 1300s

• Name

  Tan, Zhirui, Yishan, Yining

• Place

  China

• Topic

  Art, Snow, Chinese Art, Yuan dynasty (1279 - 1368), Bamboo

• Culture

  Chinese

• Object Type

  Paintings